I-MCB (i-miniature breaker)
Izici
• Kukalwe njengamanje okungekho ngaphezu kuka-125 A.
• Izici zohambo ngokuvamile azilungiseki.
• Ukusebenza okushisayo noma okushisayo.
I-MCCB (icala lesifunda elibunjiwe)
Izici
Kukalwe njengamanje kuze kufike ku-1600 A.
• Uhambo lwamanje lungaguqulwa
• Ukusebenza okushisayo noma okushisayo.
Isifunda somoya siphula
Izici
Kukalwe njengamanje kuze kufike ku-10,000 A.
• Izici zohambo zivame ukuguquguquka ngokuphelele kufaka phakathi imibundu yohambo okulungisekayo nokubambezeleka.
• Imvamisa ilawulwa ngogesi — amanye amamodeli ayalawulwa nge-microprocessor.
• Imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukwabiwa kwamandla amakhulu esitshalweni esikhulu sezimboni, lapho amabhuleki ahlelwe khona ezivalelweni zokudweba ukuze kube lula ukunakekelwa.
Umshini wesifunda full
Izici
Ngezilinganiso ezilinganisiwe kuze kufike ku-3000 A,
• La mabhuleki aphazamisa i-arc ebhodleleni le-vacuum.
• Lezi zingasetshenziswa futhi kuze kufike ku-35,000 V. Amakhemikhali wesekethe wokuhlanza avame ukuba nethemba lokuphila isikhathi eside phakathi kokulungiswa kunalezi zihlukanisi zesekhethi zomoya.
I-RCD (idivaysi yamanje esalayo / i-RCCB (i-residualcurrent circuit breaker)
Izici
• Isigaba (ulayini) noNhlangothi zingathathi hlangothi zombili izintambo ezixhunywe nge-RCD.
• Ihamba isifunda lapho kunamaphutha emhlabeni njengamanje.
• Inani lokugeleza kwamanje esigabeni (ulayini) kufanele libuyele kokungathathi hlangothi.
• Ithola nge-RCD. noma yikuphi ukungafani phakathi kwemisinga emibili egeleza phakathi kwesigaba nokungathathi hlangothi nge -RCD bese kukhubeka isifunda kungakapheli ama-30Miliseconed.
• Uma indlu inohlelo lomhlaba oluxhunywe kwinduku yomhlaba hhayi intambo enkulu engenayo, khona-ke kufanele ukuthi ibe nayo yonke imijikelezo evikelwe yi-RCD (ngoba u-mite awukwazi ukuthola iphutha elanele lokukhubekisa i-MCB)
• Ama-RCD ayindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuvikela ukwethuka
Okusetshenziswa kakhulu ngama-30 mA (milliamp) namadivayisi we-100 mA. Ukugeleza kwamanje kwama-30 mA (noma ama-0.03 amps) kuncane ngokwanele okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukwethuka okuyingozi. Ngisho ne-100 mA iyisibalo esincane uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi samanje esingageleza kunephutha lomhlaba ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okunjalo (ikhulu lama-amps)
I-300/500 mA RCCB ingasetshenziswa lapho kudingeka ukuvikelwa komlilo kuphela. isb., kumasekhethi wokukhanyisa, lapho ingozi yokushaywa ugesi incane.
Umkhawulo we-RCCB
• Ama-RCCB ajwayelekile e-electronicschanical aklanyelwe ukusebenza kuma-waveform wave wokuphakelwa okujwayelekile futhi awanakuqinisekiswa ukuthi asebenze lapho kungekho khona amafomu amaza ejwayelekile akhiqizwa yimithwalo. Okuvame kakhulu ifomu elilungisiwe lamagagasi elilungisiwe kwesinye isikhathi elibizwa ngokuthi yi-pulsating dc elenziwa ngamadivayisi wokulawula isivinini, ama-semi conductor, amakhompyutha kanye nama-dimmers.
• Ama-RCCB aguqulwe ngokukhethekile ayatholakala azosebenza ku-ac ejwayelekile nase-pulsating dc.
• Ama-RCD awanikeli ukuvikeleka ekulayisheni kwamanje: Ama-RCD abona ukungalingani emisakazweni ebukhoma nengathathi hlangothi. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kwamanje, noma kukhulu kangakanani, akukwazi ukutholwa. Kuyimbangela evamile yezinkinga ngama-novices ukufaka esikhundleni se-MCB ebhokisini le-fuse nge-RCD. Lokhu kungenziwa ngemizamo yokwandisa ukuvikelwa kokushaqeka. Uma kwenzeka iphutha elingathathi hlangothi livela (isifunda esifushane, noma ukulayishwa ngokweqile), i-RCD ngeke ikhubeke, futhi ingalimala. Ngokwenza njalo, i-MCB eyinhloko yesakhiwo kungenzeka ikhubeke, noma i-fuse yesevisi, ngakho-ke isimo akunakwenzeka ukuthi siholele enhlekeleleni; kepha kungahle kuphazamise.
• Manje kungenzeka ukuthola i-MCB ne-RCD entweni eyodwa, ebizwa nge-RCBO (bheka ngezansi). Ukushintsha i-MCB nge-RCBO yesilinganiso esifanayo ngokuvamile kuphephile.
• Ukukhubazeka kwe-RCCB: Ushintsho olungazelelwe kumthwalo kagesi lungadala ukugeleza okuncane okufishane emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezindala. Ama-RCD azwela kakhulu futhi asebenza ngokushesha okukhulu; zingase zikhubeke lapho imoto yefriji endala icisha. Eminye imishini idume ngokuthi `` iyavuza '', okusho ukuthi, ikhiqiza ukugeleza okuncane okuqhubekayo emhlabeni. Ezinye izinhlobo zemishini yamakhompiyutha, namathelevishini amakhulu, kubikwa kabanzi ukuthi kudala izinkinga.
• I-RCD ngeke ivikele ekuthengisweni kwesokhethi okufakwa izintambo ngamateminali abukhoma nangathathi hlangothi ngendlela engafanele.
• I-RCD ngeke ivikele ekushiseni okukhulu okuba khona lapho abaqhubi bengafinyelelwanga kahle kumatheminali abo.
• I-RCD ngeke ivikele ekushayweni okungathathi hlangothi bukhoma, ngoba okwamanje kokuphila nokungathathi hlangothi kulinganisiwe. Ngakho-ke uma uthinta abaqhubi ababukhoma nabangathathi hlangothi ngasikhathi sinye (isb., Womabili amatheminali wokufakwa kokukhanya), usengathola ukwethuka okubi.
I-ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker)
Izici
• Isigaba (ulayini), ucingo olungathathi hlangothi noMhlaba luxhunywe nge-ELCB.
• I-ELCB isebenza ngokuya ngokuvuza kwamanje komhlaba.
Isikhathi sokusebenza se-ELCB:
• Umkhawulo ophephe kakhulu wamanje uMzimba Womuntu ongamelana nawo ungama-30ma sec.
• Ake sithi Ukuphikiswa Komzimba Womuntu kungu-500Ω kuthi i-Voltage iye phansi ingama-230 Volt.
• Umzimba wamanje uzoba ngu-500/230 = 460mA.
• Ngakho-ke i-ELCB kumele isebenze ngo-30maSec / 460mA = 0.65msec.
I-RCBO (Insalela Yesekeli Esisele ne-OverLoad)
Umehluko phakathi kwe-ELCB ne-RCCB
• I-ELCB yigama elidala futhi imvamisa ibhekisa kumadivayisi asebenza ngamandla kagesi angasatholakali futhi kuyelulekwa ukuthi uwabuyisele uma uwathola.
• I-RCCB noma i-RCD yigama elisha elicacisa okuqhutshwa njengamanje (yingakho igama elisha lizohlukaniswa nogesi osetshenziswayo).
• I-RCCB entsha ihamba phambili ngoba izobona noma yikuphi iphutha emhlabeni. Uhlobo lwevolthi luthola kuphela amaphutha omhlaba abuyela emuva ngocingo olukhulu lomhlaba ngakho-ke yingakho eyeke ukusetshenziswa.
• Indlela elula yokutshela uhambo oludala olusebenza ngamandla kagesi ukubheka ucingo oluphambili lomhlaba oluxhunywe ngalo.
• I-RCCB izoba nolayini kuphela nokuxhumana okungathathi hlangothi.
• I-ELCB isebenza ngokuya ngokuvuza kwamanje komhlaba. Kepha i-RCCB ayinakho ukuzwela noma ukuxhumeka koMhlaba, ngoba ngokuyisisekelo iSigaba samanje silingana nesikhathi samanje esingathathi hlangothi esigabeni esisodwa. Kungakho i-RCCB ingakhubeka lapho imisinga yomibili yehlukile futhi imelana kuze kube yomibili imisinga iyafana. Kokubili imisinga engathathi hlangothi neyesigaba yehlukile okusho ukuthi okwamanje kugeleza eMhlabeni.
• Ekugcineni bobabili basebenzela okufanayo, kepha into ukuxhuma umehluko.
• I-RCD ayidingi ukuxhumana komhlaba uqobo (ibheka kuphela okuphilayo nokungathathi hlangothi) .Ngaphezu kwalokho ithola ukugeleza kwamanje kuya emhlabeni noma kumishini ngaphandle komhlaba uqobo.
• Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-RCD izoqhubeka nokuvikela ngokushaqeka ezintweni zokusebenza ezinomhlaba ongalungile. Yilezi zakhiwo ezenze i-RCD yaduma kakhulu kunezimbangi zayo. Isibonelo, ama-breaker circuit breakers (ELCBs) asetshenziswa kabanzi eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule. Lawa madivayisi alinganisa amandla omoya kumqhubi womhlaba; uma le voltage yayingeyona zero lokhu kukhombisa ukuvuza kwamanje emhlabeni. Inkinga ukuthi ama-ELCB adinga ukuxhumana komhlaba okuzwakalayo, njengoba kwenza nemishini evikelayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwama-ELCB akusanconywa.
Ukukhethwa kwe-MCB
• Isici sokuqala ukugcwala ngokweqile okuhloswe ngakho ukuvimbela ukulayishwa kwentambo ngengozi esimweni esingenaphutha. Ijubane lokukhubeka kwe-MCB lizohluka ngezinga lokugcwala ngokweqile. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwesisetshenziswa esishisayo kwi-MCB.
• Isici sesibili ukuvikela amaphutha kazibuthe, okuhloswe ukuthi kusebenze lapho iphutha lifinyelela ezingeni elinqunyelwe kusengaphambili nokukhubekisa i-MCB kungakapheli okweshumi komzuzwana. Izinga lolu hambo lukazibuthe linikeza i-MCB uhlobo lohlobo lwayo ngokulandelayo:
|
Thayipha |
Ukukhubeka Kwamanje |
Isikhathi sokusebenza |
| Uhlobo B |
3 To 5 isikhathi umthwalo egcwele zamanje |
0.04 Kuze kube ngu-13 Sec |
| Uhlobo C |
Izikhathi ezi-5 Kuya kwezingu-10 zokulayisha ngokugcwele |
0.04 Ku 5 Sec |
| Thayipha D |
Izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-20 umthwalo ogcwele wamanje |
0.04 Ku 3 Sec |
• Isici sesithathu ukuvikelwa kwesifunda okufushane, okuhloswe ngakho ukuvikela emaphutheni asindayo mhlawumbe ezinkulungwaneni zama-amps ezibangelwa amaphutha wesifunda amafushane.
• Amandla we-MCB okusebenza ngaphansi kwalezi zimo anika isilinganiso sayo sesifunda esifushane eKilo amps (KA). Ngokuvamile kumayunithi wabathengi izinga lephutha le-6KA lanele kanti kumabhodi ezimboni amakhono we-10KA noma ngaphezulu angadingeka.
Izici ze-Fuse ne-MCB
• Ama-fuse nama-MCB akalwa ngama-amps. Isilinganiso se-amp esinikezwe ku-fuse noma emzimbeni we-MCB inani lamanje elizodlula ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kuvamise ukubizwa njengamanje okulinganisiwe noma okwenziwe ngegama.
• Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uma i-current is over the current nominal, the device will trip, kweso. Ngakho-ke uma isilinganiso singama-amps angama-30, i-current of 30.00001 amps izoyikhubaza, akunjalo? Lokhu akulona iqiniso.
• I-fuse ne-MCB, noma imisinga yabo yokuqamba ifana, inezakhiwo ezihluke kakhulu.
• Isibonelo, nge-32Amp MCB kanye ne-30 Amp Fuse, ukuze uqiniseke ngokuqhutshwa ngemizuzwana eyi-0.1, i-MCB idinga amps angu-128 wamanje, kanti i-fuse idinga ama-amps angama-300.
• I-fuse ngokusobala idinga isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuyishaya ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa qaphela ukuthi mikhulu kangakanani yomibili le mifudlana kunesilinganiso samanje esimakwe ngo-'30 amps '.
• Kukhona amathuba amancane okuthi, phakathi nenyanga, i-fuse yama-amp amp 30 ikhubeke lapho ithwele ama-amps angama-30. Uma i-fuse ibe nokugcwala okuningana ngaphambili (okungenzeka ukuthi akukaze kubonwe) lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani amafiyuzi kwesinye isikhathi 'angaqhuma' ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala.
• Uma i-fuse ibhalwe ukuthi 'ama-30 amps', kepha izoma ama-amps angama-40 isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora, singakuthethelela kanjani ukuyibiza ngokuthi yi-'30 amp 'fuse? Impendulo ukuthi izici zokugcwala ngokweqile kwamafusi zenzelwe ukufanisa izakhiwo zamakhebuli anamuhla. Isibonelo, ikhebula lesimanje elifakwe nge-PVC lizoma ukulayisha ngokweqile okungu-50% ihora, ngakho-ke kubonakala kunengqondo ukuthi i-fuse nayo kufanele.
Isikhathi Iposi: Dec-15-2020